Research-Health

SPARC State of Pakistan’s Children Report

“State of Children Report” is an annual publication produced by the Society for the Protection of the Rights of the Child (SPARC), a non-governmental organization based in Pakistan. The report provides information on the situation of children in the country, covering various aspects such as health, education, violence against children, juvenile justice system, etc. The report is widely cited by…

Pakistan Economic Survey 2023-24

The Pakistan Economic Survey is an annual publication by the Ministry of Finance that offers a comprehensive review of the country’s economic performance over the past fiscal year. It covers a wide range of topics, including GDP growth, sectoral contributions, fiscal and monetary developments, trade and balance of payments, and…

Gender Parity Report: ICT

The Gender Parity Report – Islamabad Capital Territory offers a detailed assessment of gender equality across justice, education, economy, health, and governance. While progress is visible in areas like female judicial representation and school enrolment, wide disparities remain in employment, leadership, and healthcare access. The report highlights persistent gaps affecting…
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Climate Risk Index 2025

The Climate Risk Index 2025 shows that from 1993–2022, over 765,000 people died and nearly USD 4.2 trillion in losses occurred due to more than 9,400 extreme weather events. Dominica, China, and Honduras were the most affected countries long-term, while Pakistan, Belize, and Italy ranked highest for 2022. Floods, storms,…
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NCRC Annual Report 2024 – 2025

The National Commission on the Rights of Child (NCRC) advanced major child protection reforms in 2024–2025, including the drafting of the Prohibition of Child Labour in Domestic Work Bill 2024 and advocacy for harmonizing the minimum marriage age at 18 years across all provinces. The Commission launched the State of…
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Unveiling Exploitation and Abuse in the Brick Kilns of Punjab

The brick kiln industry in Pakistan continues to violate human rights, deeply affecting vulnerable groups such as women and children through bonded labour and exploitation. Despite legal measures and international commitments, these abuses persist, especially in Punjab, which has more than half of Pakistan’s brick kilns and around 186,000 workers.…
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Policy Brief on Free and Compulsory Education

The National Commission on the Rights of Child (NCRC) highlights that education is a fundamental right, yet 26.2 million children in Pakistan remain out of school. The policy brief identifies key barriers such as poverty, gender inequality, poor infrastructure, and lack of inclusivity, offering actionable policy and practice recommendations to…
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Climate Change and Children in Pakistan

Children make up nearly half of Pakistan’s population, yet remain the most overlooked in climate planning. From school closures during floods and heatwaves to rising health risks, child labour, and unsafe displacement, climate change is undoing vital development gains for millions. Despite numerous policies, child-focused action remains missing. Read the…
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Global Boys’ Initiative: Pakistan Case Study

Pakistan is home to over 53 million boys under 18, forming a significant part of its 106 million child population. Yet, challenges remain acute: nearly 27% of boys aged 5–16 are out of school, and an estimated 3.4 million children are engaged in child labour, with boys forming the majority.…
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UNICEF Pakistan Annual Report 2024

UNICEF Pakistan: 2024 Annual Report Highlights In 2024, UNICEF Pakistan continued to advance the rights and wellbeing of children and women across the country, despite persistent humanitarian, economic, and climate-related challenges. The following are some key programmatic areas covered in the report: Key Results Achieved in 2024: 45 million children…
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Preventing Drug Use in Educational Institutions

Pakistan’s educational institutions are facing a growing public health and child protection crisis due to increasing drug use among students. The Pakistan Narcotics Control Board (PNCB) estimates that nearly 44% of college and university students have used illicit substances. With nearly two-thirds of the population under 30, this trend poses…
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Pakistan Economic Survey 2024-25 Highlights

The highlights of the Pakistan Economic Survey 2024-25 showcase economic improvements, including a projected GDP growth of 5.7% and a primary surplus of 3.0% of GDP. Inflation has reached a record low of 0.3% in April 2025, while the current account surplus stands at $1.9 billion, bolstered by high remittances.…
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