Literacy Rate
Literacy Rate (10 Years and Above)-Pakistan
| Province/Area | Male | Female | Total (%) |
|
Year 2019-20 |
|||
| Pakistan | 70 | 50 | 60 |
| Rural | 64 | 39 | 52 |
| Urban | 79 | 67 | 74 |
Source: PSLM Survey 2019-20, Bureau of Statistics
Analysis
According to the Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement (PSLM) district level Survey 2019-20, the literacy rate of population (10 years and above) is stagnant at 60 percent in 2019-20 since 2014-15. The literacy rate is higher in urban areas (74 percent) than in rural areas (52 percent).
Literacy Rate (10 Years and Above)-Provincial
| Province | Male | Female | Total (%) |
| Year 2019-20 | |||
| Punjab | 72 | 57 | 64 |
| Rural | 67 | 48 | 57 |
| Urban | 80 | 72 | 76 |
| Sindh | 68 | 47 | 58 |
| Rural | 53 | 23 | 39 |
| Urban | 79 | 66 | 73 |
| Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa | 71 | 35 | 53 |
| Rural | 69 | 31 | 50 |
| Urban | 80 | 53 | 67 |
| Balochistan | 61 | 29 | 46 |
| Rural | 55 | 22 | 40 |
| Urban | 76 | 47 | 63 |
Source: PSLM Survey 2019-20, Bureau of Statistics
Analysis
Province wise analysis suggests that Punjab has the highest literacy rate, with 64 percent followed by Sindh with 58 percent, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa with 53 percent and Balochistan with 46 percent.
Primary Enrolment Rates
Gross Enrolment Rates (GER) for Year 2019-20
National and Provincial GER (Age 6-10 yrs) at Primary Level (Classes 1-5)
| Province/Area | Male | Female | Total |
| Pakistan | 89 | 78 | 84 |
| Punjab | 93 | 90 | 92 |
| Sindh | 78 | 62 | 71 |
| Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa | 96 | 73 | 85 |
| Balochistan | 84 | 56 | 72 |
Source: PSLM District Level Survey 2019-20, Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
Net Enrolment Rates (NER) for Year 2019-20
National and Provincial NER (Age 6-10 yrs) at Primary Level (Classes 1-5) (%)
| Province/Area | Male | Female | Total |
| Pakistan | 68 | 60 | 64 |
| Punjab | 71 | 89 | 70 |
| Sindh | 60 | 49 | 55 |
| Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa | 72 | 56 | 65 |
| Balochistan | 65 | 45 | 56 |
Source: PSLM District Level Survey 2019-20, Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
Government Expenditures on Education
Yearly Comparison of Educational Expenditures as % of GDP
| Expenditures on Education | |
| Year | As % of GDP |
| 2015-16 | 2.3% |
| 2016-17 | 2.2% |
| 2017-18 | 2.4% |
| 2018-19 | 2.3% |
| 2019-20 (P) | 1.5% |
P: Provisional
Source: Economic Survey of Pakistan 2020-21
Analysis
According to the Economic Survey of Pakistan 2020-21, the education related expenditures witnessed a decline in Year 2020 due to closure of educational institutes amid country-wide lockdown and decrease in current expenditures (other than salaries) due to COVID-19 Pandemic. Furthermore, as a result of COVID-19 crisis, there was an increase in expenditure of other Social Sectors i.e., health, natural calamities & other disasters, Benazir Income Support Programme, Pakistan Bait-ul-Maal etc.
National and Provincial Government Expenditures on Education in YEAR 2018-19 and 2019-20
| Year 2018-19 (in Millions) | ||||||
| Federal | Punjab | Sindh | KP | Balochistan | Pakistan | |
| Current | 103,787 | 339,402 | 153,492 | 132,516 | 49,298 | 778,495 |
| Development | 21,780 | 32,413 | 9,110 | 20,195 | 6,029 | 89,527 |
| Total | 125,567 | 371,815 | 162,602 | 152,711 | 55,327 | 868,022 |
| Year 2019-20 (P) (in Millions) | ||||||
| Current | 83,266 | 182,616 | 165,028 | 28,161 | 53,640 | 512,711 |
| Development | 31,300 | 35,378 | 5,427 | 18,088 | 8,111 | 98,304 |
| Total | 114,566 | 217,994 | 170,455 | 46,249 | 61,751 | 611,015 |
P: Provisional
Source: Economic Survey of Pakistan 2020-21